Learning Objectives

1. Define target organ toxicity.
2. Explain the basis for the specificity of organ toxicity.
3. Contrast the toxicity mechanisms for hematotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, dermatotoxicity, and pulmonotoxicity.
4. Describe examples of target organ toxicity.
5. Discuss the characteristic evaluative procedures for determining toxicity in target organs.
6. Explain the concept of oxidative stress and demonstrate an understanding of the action of antioxidant enzymes and redox cycling compounds.
7. Examine the molecular pathways of cholinesterase inhibition.

Advance Reading

1. Hughes, pp 87-102
2. Shibamoto, pp. 49-51
3. NLM Toxicology Tutor, Toxic Effects-Organ Specific Toxic Effects, Neurotoxicity
4. Enterohepatic Recirculation Animation
5. Cholinesterase Inhibition Animation

Suggested Reading

1. American Liver Foundation - Liver Health
2. National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases
3. American Lung Association

Keywords

1. Acute tubular necrosis (atn)
2. Agranulocytopenia
3. Allergic contact dermatitis
4. Anemia
5. Anthracosilicosis
6. Anuria
7. Arterial blood gases(abgs)
8. Asbestosis
9. Berylliosis
10. Blood urea nitrogen (bun)
11. Bronchoscopy
12. Central nervous system (cns)
13. Chloracne
14. Creatinine
15. Dermatotoxicity
16. Crythropoietin
17. Forced vital capacity (fvc)
18. Glial cells
19. Glomerular filtration rate (gfr)
20. Glycosuria
21. Hematotoxicity
22. Hematotoxins
23. Hematuria
24. Hemolytic anemias
25. Hepatotoxicity
26. Hypoxia
27. Inulin

28. Irritant contact dermatitis
29. Leukemia
30. Microcytic hypochromic anemia
31. Myelin
32. Nephritic syndrome
33. Nephrotic syndrome
34. Nephrotoxicity
35. Nerve
36. Neurons
37. Neurotoxicity
38. Neurotransmitter
39. Obstructive uropathies
40. Oliguria
41. PAH clearance
42. Pancytopenia
43. Peripheral nervous system (pns)
44. Phototoxicity
45. Pneumoconioses
46. Poietins
47. Proteinuria
48. Pulmonary fibrosis
49. Pulmonotoxicity
50. Radiopharmaceutical
51. Silicosis
52. Slow vital capacity (svc)
53. Target organ toxicity
54. Thrombocytopenia